A big part of the problem is that most people are swaddled in a life of climate controlled obliviousness and have little or no concept of how vulnerable the human body is to cold, heat, wind and wetness.
I just finished reading the most recent issue of “Appalachia” , the biannual journal of mountaineering and conservation in the US Northeast. At least half of the articles were reports of blissfully ignorant hikers and campers having to be rescued (or perishing) who ventured out into a wilderness with some of the worst weather on the planet outfitted as if they were taking a 2 block walk to the dog park in their urban neighborhood. One incident involved a school group of 47 teenagers and 7 adults who attempted to hike up to the summit of Mount Washington in New Hampshire’s Presidential Range. All were ridiculously underdressed for conditions (which evolved, as predicted and as they had been warned, to 40 degree rain with 50 mph winds gusting over 70) – most of the kids were wearing jeans or leggings, sneakers, cotton sweatshirts and plastic ponchos. 4 girls dropped behind and became lost until after dark – the main party knew they were missing but chose to hike down and off the mountain leaving them behind. Several SAR groups had to mobilize to find the final teen after 3 of the “lost girls” managed to stagger into a staffed warming hut, hypothermic and confused about where they had left their companion. This was just one of dozens of similar incidents for the past season.
This is hardly a new phenomenon. Though it may be exacerbated by people’s hubris over having a cell phone and believing that offers some magical instant access to rescue. Over the decades when I was often guiding or participating in backpacking, long training hikes or mountaineering, there were many instances when our well-prepared party encountered people woefully under-equipped in both gear and expertise to be out in the wilderness and in trouble because of it. At times we had to abandon our own plans and execute an evacuation of the clueless. On one occasion we came upon a bedraggled wannabee “mountain man” 3 day’s walk from the trailhead who had accidentally burned his tent and sleeping bag beyond usability by building a lean to of fallen pine boughs that his roaring campfire ignited. He had also lost his knife and compass, and was hypothermic due to his leather boots, denim jeans, cotton long johns and corduroy coat being soaked through. Plus he reported that he had not had anything to eat for several days once his jerky ran out (he had been planning to “live off the land” , I guess by ambushing rabbits with his Bowie knife.)
One of the guys I was backpacking with recognized this sad sack as the same guy that he and some friends had rescued the previous summer when they came upon him along a river they were paddling – he was claiming someone had “stolen” his canoe with all his gear in it. They made room for him and took him downriver to the nearest access to a road where he could hitchhike back to his car. After dropping him off they eventually spotted his aluminum boat, swamped and hung up on the rocks ahead of a class II rapid. Various bits of what must have been his gear and grub turned up downstream as well. They had his contact info and called him when they got home to tell him where they spotted the boat. He then admitted that he had gotten cold and wet after a capsize and had pulled ashore to build a fire to get warm (and drink some whiskey he had brought along). He neglected to tie the canoe off or pull it up the bank. Rain upstream had apparently risen the river and floated his boat away. Despite him being a “frequent flyer” we bailed his ass out again. No doubt he continued to blunder into the woods or perhaps became a statistic the next time it happened and nobody was around to help him out.
Really, you are never going to fix stupidity, naivety and/or hubris.
And it is good judgement (as opposed to hubris and only gained through experience) rather than equipment that is most critical. I am still sometimes haunted by the recollection of the trio of dudes that came into the outfitter that I managed in my late 20’s – they were seeking to buy some supplies for a trip they were planning to climb a peak in the Peruvian Andes. Two of them were former military and all 3 had gone through a basic mountaineering course (though it was mostly rock climbing with some local ice climbing and backpacking thrown in.) None of them had ever traveled on a glacier or even camped on snow yet they were confident they could “conquer” a 22,000 foot alpine mountain, apparently through “toughness”. As I talked to them while they were collecting the list of items they planned to take, it came out that, though they had climbing gear (harnesses and ropes) they were planning to climb wearing military jungle boots (designed for tropical conditions) and sleep “rough” in Army poncho liners (also a tropical piece of gear.) Several of my friends, including my beau at the time, had climbed that mountain 2 years earlier and I knew well what conditions they would encounter and that their kit was woefully inadequate. I consulted with the shop owner, a very experienced alpine mountaineer, and he agreed that we should try to convince them to properly equip themselves. We got them to buy proper boots, sleeping bags, a three man tent, clothing for alpine conditions, a stove that would work at altitude, ice axes and crampons.
We also suggested a couple of state-side shake-down mountains that they should practice on before their trip to Peru (they were going down during Austral summer, several month later in January). They swore they would do that, but it turned out later they never bothered. End result – all three died, their bodies found after a storm just below the summit, one with no gloves and another with no ice axe. It appeared that one or both had fallen and they had been dragged down the slope roped together, but they clearly should not have been climbing in those conditions. When I heard what had happened I wondered: if we had not insisted that they equip themselves more properly, would they have even made it far beyond base camp before turning back out of discomfort?